Czechoslovakia
Tomáš Masaryk
1850–1937 Leader of the Czechoslovak independence movement in exile; first president of Czechoslovakia, 1918–1935
Born into a poor family in Hodonín, Moravia, Masaryk became professor of philosophy at the Czech university in Prague in 1882 and sat in the Austrian Reichsrat from 1907 to 1914. Once a reformer within Austria-Hungary, he concluded at the outbreak of war that Czechs and Slovaks should seek independence, and went into exile in December 1914. He campaigned in Western Europe, Russia and the United States and helped establish the Czechoslovak Legion in Russia. On 18 October 1918 the Washington Declaration proclaimed Czechoslovak independence, and on 14 November the National Assembly in Prague elected him president while he was still abroad. He served as president for 17 years, resigning in December 1935, and died at Lány on 14 September 1937.
In the chronicle
Sources
Sources
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomáš_Masaryk
- www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/masaryk-tomas-garrigue-1850-1937
- www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/tomas-garrigue-masaryk
- en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Masaryk,_Thomas_Garrigue
- en.wikisource.org/wiki/1922_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Czechoslovakia
- www.psp.cz/eknih/1918ns/ps/stenprot/001schuz/s001001.htm
- history.state.gov/countries/czechoslovakia
- en.wikisource.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_the_Czechoslovak_Nation