Britain
Roger Keyes
1872–1945 Planner of the Zeebrugge raid
Roger Keyes was a restless, energetic submariner who as Commodore of Submarines planned the Heligoland Bight raid in 1914 and then served as chief of staff to the Dardanelles fleet in 1915, where he urged renewing the naval attack. In January 1918 he took command of the Dover Patrol and reorganized its barrage. He devised and led the Zeebrugge and Ostend raids of April and May 1918, which brought him a knighthood and the nation's gratitude. After the war he rose to Admiral of the Fleet and became a Member of Parliament. In 1940 he played a role in the debate that brought down Neville Chamberlain, and he was made a baron in 1943.