United States
Harvey Cushing
1869–1939 Director of American Base Hospital No. 5, 1917; senior consultant in neurological surgery, AEF, 1918
Born in Cleveland, Harvey Cushing studied at Yale and Harvard Medical School, trained under William Halsted at Johns Hopkins and became a leading brain surgeon. In spring 1915 he served in France with the Harvard unit of the American Ambulance at Neuilly, operating mainly on head wounds and using an electromagnet to draw shrapnel from the brain. After the United States entered the war he became a major in the Army Medical Corps and in May 1917 returned to France as director of Base Hospital No. 5, attached to the British Expeditionary Force. In June 1918 he became senior consultant in neurological surgery for the American Expeditionary Forces; he ended the war a colonel. His biography of William Osler won a Pulitzer Prize. He died in 1939.