France
Jean Jaurès
1859–1914 Leader of the French Socialists; antiwar campaigner, 1914
Born in Castres, Jean Jaurès taught philosophy at Albi and Toulouse and was elected deputy for the Tarn in 1885 as a moderate. He turned to socialism, backed the Carmaux miners in 1892, defended Captain Dreyfus and in 1904 founded the newspaper L'Humanité. After the socialist parties merged in 1905 as the SFIO, he became its leading figure. A pacifist who wanted a purely defensive citizen army, he opposed the Three-Year Service Law in 1913, and on 29 July 1914, while attending a Socialist International meeting in Brussels, he gave a speech calling for peace. On 31 July he was shot dead in a Paris café by a nationalist, Raoul Villain, who was acquitted after the war. Jaurès was moved to the Panthéon in 1924.
In the chronicle
Sources
Sources
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Jaurès
- www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/jean-jaures_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)
- www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche/(num_dept)/4011
- www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/decouvrir-l-assemblee/histoire/1914-1918/hommage-a-jean-jaures
- en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Jaurès,_Jean_Léon